Simple PresentPresente simples

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 20 AULA 20 - SIMPLE PRESENT Presente Simples | Hábitos, rotinas e fatos | Nivel A1 SIMPLE PRESENT A gramática que você usa para falar da sua vida todos os dias. META DA AULA Ao final, você deverá conseguir formar frases afirmativas, negativas e perguntas no Simple Present; usar corretamente he/she/it; e falar sobre hábitos, rotinas, gostos e fatos simples. Nesta aula você vai aprender: • Quando usar o Simple Present. • Afirmativa com I, you, we, they e com he, she, it. • Regras de -s, -es e -ies na terceira pessoa. • Formas especiais: have -> has, do -> does, go -> goes. • Negativas com don't e doesn't. • Perguntas com do e does e respostas curtas. • 20 verbos/expressões essenciais, leitura, prática oral e 13 blocos de exercícios. LIGACAO COM A AULA 19 Na Aula 19 você falou sobre rotina. Agora vamos entender a gramática que faz frases como I work, she works, we don't work e Does he work? funcionarem.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 1 1. QUANDO USAMOS O SIMPLE PRESENT? Rotinas, hábitos, fatos e situações estáveis. Pense nele como o "tempo do que costuma acontecer" I work from Monday to Friday. - Eu trabalho de segunda a sexta. She drinks coffee every morning. - Ela bebe café todas as manhãs. We live in Portugal. - Nós moramos em Portugal. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. - A água ferve a 100 graus Celsius. They like music. - Eles gostam de música. 4 USOS PRINCIPAIS 1) hábitos e rotinas; 2) fatos geralmente verdadeiros; 3) situações estáveis; 4) gostos, preferências e opiniões simples. Palavras que combinam muito com o Simple Present • every day = todos os dias • every morning = todas as manhãs • on Mondays = às segundas-feiras • usually = geralmente • sometimes = às vezes • never = nunca NAO CONFUNDA I work = eu trabalho / trabalho habitualmente. I am working = eu estou trabalhando agora. O Present Continuous será estudado mais adiante.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 2 2. FRASES AFIRMATIVAS I/you/we/they usam a forma básica do verbo. MODELO SUJEITO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTO I work at home. | You study English. | We live in Portugal. | They play football. SUJEITO VERBO EXEMPLO I work I work every day. you work You work every day. we work We work every day. they work They work every day. A forma básica é a forma do dicionário • work = trabalhar • live = morar/viver • study = estudar • eat = comer • drink = beber • like = gostar ERRO COMUM Evite: I am work. Para dizer "eu trabalho", usamos I work. O verbo to be não entra antes de outro verbo principal no Simple Present. Escreva 4 frases verdadeiras sobre você 1. ______________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________________

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 3 3. HE / SHE / IT: A REGRA DO -S A terceira pessoa singular muda a forma afirmativa. REGRA PRINCIPAL Com HE, SHE e IT, normalmente acrescentamos -S ao verbo na frase afirmativa. I work -> She works. | They live -> He lives. VERBO HE/SHE/IT EXEMPLO work works He works at home. live lives She lives in Lisbon. read reads He reads every night. play plays She plays tennis. drink drinks He drinks tea. Quando usamos -ES? • Verbos terminados em -ch: watch -> watches • -sh: wash -> washes • -ss: pass -> passes • -x: fix -> fixes • -o: go -> goes, do -> does Consoante + Y • study -> studies • try -> tries • carry -> carries MAS VOGAL + Y play -> plays; enjoy -> enjoys. Não trocamos o Y quando há vogal antes dele.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 4 4. VOCABULARIO - PARTE 1 Vocabulário com significado, pronúncia aproximada e frase-modelo. WORD / VERB SIGNIFICADO PRONUNCIA APROX. EXEMPLO work trabalhar uârk I work from Monday to Friday. live morar / viver liv We live in Portugal. study estudar stâdi She studies English. speak falar spík They speak Portuguese. read ler ríd He reads before bed. write escrever ráit I write emails at work. eat comer ít We eat dinner together. drink beber drínk She drinks water. like gostar láik I like music. love amar / adorar lâv They love travelling. DICA DE ESTUDO Leia cada exemplo em voz alta e depois troque o sujeito: I work -> she works; we study -> he studies.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 5 5. VOCABULARIO - PARTE 2 Vocabulário com significado, pronúncia aproximada e frase-modelo. WORD / VERB SIGNIFICADO PRONUNCIA APROX. EXEMPLO want querer uónt I want a coffee. need precisar níd We need more time. have ter hév She has two children. do fazer du He does his homework. go ir gôu She goes to work by car. watch assistir / observar uótch He watches TV at night. finish terminar fínish She finishes work at five. teach ensinar títch He teaches English. try tentar trái She tries every day. enjoy gostar / aproveitar endjói We enjoy family time. FORMAS IMPORTANTES have -> has | do -> does | go -> goes. Estas três formas aparecem o tempo todo no inglês básico.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 6 6. PRONUNCIA DO -S FINAL O mesmo -s pode soar de três maneiras. 1) /s/ - som parecido com "s" • works /wɜːks/ • likes /laɪks/ • stops /stɒps/ 2) /z/ - som parecido com "z" • lives /lɪvz/ • reads /riːdz/ • plays /pleɪz/ 3) /iz/ - uma sílaba extra • watches /ˈwɒtʃɪz/ • finishes /ˈfɪnɪʃɪz/ • uses /ˈjuːzɪz/ PARA INICIANTES Não precisa decorar a regra fonética inteira hoje. Primeiro perceba que "works", "lives" e "watches" não terminam com exatamente o mesmo som. Treino em voz alta • She works every day. • He lives in Portugal. • She watches TV at night. • He reads the news. • She finishes work at five.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 7 7. FORMAS ESPECIAIS Have, do e go na terceira pessoa. BASE HE/SHE/IT EXEMPLO have has She has a new job. do does He does his homework. go goes She goes to school by bus. ATENCAO HAS é usado apenas na afirmativa com he/she/it. Quando usamos DOES ou DOESN'T, voltamos para HAVE: Does she have a car? She doesn't have a car. Compare • She has a car. • Does she have a car? • She doesn't have a car. • He goes to work at eight. • Does he go to work at eight? • He doesn't go to work at eight. REGRA DE OURO Se DOES ou DOESN'T já está na frase, não coloque o -s no verbo principal.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 8 8. FRASES NEGATIVAS DON'T e DOESN'T. MODELO I / YOU / WE / THEY + DON'T + VERBO HE / SHE / IT + DOESN'T + VERBO I don't drink coffee. - Eu não bebo café. We don't work on Sundays. - Nós não trabalhamos aos domingos. She doesn't drive. - Ela não dirige. He doesn't like tea. - Ele não gosta de chá. POR QUE "SHE DOESN'T WORK"? O -s da terceira pessoa vai para DOES. Por isso o verbo principal fica na forma básica: doesn't work, doesn't study, doesn't go, doesn't have. Formas completas e contraídas • do not = don't • does not = doesn't Transforme mentalmente • She works. -> She doesn't work. • He studies. -> He doesn't study. • They live here. -> They don't live here.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 9 9. PERGUNTAS COM DO E DOES Auxiliares que abrem a pergunta. MODELO DO + I/YOU/WE/THEY + VERBO...? DOES + HE/SHE/IT + VERBO...? Do you work here? Yes, I do. Do they speak English? No, they don't. Does she live in Lisbon? Yes, she does. Does he study at night? No, he doesn't. ERRO MUITO COMUM Errado: Does she works? Certo: Does she work? O DOES já carrega a marca da terceira pessoa. Ordem da pergunta • Do + you + like + coffee? • Does + he + work + here? • Does + Maria + speak + English?

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 10 10. RESPOSTAS CURTAS Yes, I do. / No, she doesn't. PERGUNTA SIM NAO Do you work? Yes, I do. No, I don't. Do they study? Yes, they do. No, they don't. Does he drive? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't. Does she cook? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't. NA RESPOSTA CURTA Não responda apenas "Yes" quando quiser praticar gramática. Treine a estrutura completa: Yes, I do. / No, she doesn't. Resposta longa também é possível • Do you drink tea? - Yes, I do. I drink tea every morning. • Does she work at home? - No, she doesn't. She works in an office.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 11 11. QUESTION WORDS + DO/DOES What, where, when, why, how, what time. FORMULA PALAVRA DE PERGUNTA + DO/DOES + SUJEITO + VERBO...? Where do you live? - Onde você mora? What do you eat for breakfast? - O que você come no café da manhã? What time does she start work? - A que horas ela começa o trabalho? Where does he work? - Onde ele trabalha? Why do they study English? - Por que eles estudam inglês? How do you go to work? - Como você vai para o trabalho? LEMBRE Depois de DOES, o verbo continua sem -s: What time does she start? e não "does she starts".

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 12 12. ERROS COMUNS E COMO CORRIGIR Aprender a enxergar o erro acelera o progresso. EVITE USE POR QUE? She work every day. She works every day. Falta -s com she. He study English. He studies English. Consoante + y -> -ies. She don't like coffee. She doesn't like coffee. Com she usamos doesn't. Does he works here? Does he work here? Depois de does, verbo base. He doesn't goes to school. He doesn't go to school. Depois de doesn't, verbo base. I am work in Lisbon. I work in Lisbon. Não usamos am antes do verbo work. CHECK RAPIDO Afirmativa com he/she/it? Procure o -s. Tem does/doesn't? O verbo principal precisa estar na forma básica.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 13 13. LEITURA - TWO DIFFERENT ROUTINES Leia primeiro sem traduzir palavra por palavra. Two Different Routines Anna and David live in Porto, but they have very different routines. Anna works in a hospital. She starts work at seven in the morning, so she wakes up at five thirty. She drinks coffee, eats a small breakfast and goes to work by car. She finishes work at three. In the afternoon, she studies English and sometimes cooks dinner for the family. David works from home. He starts at nine and usually has breakfast with the children. He doesn't drive to work because his office is at home. He has lunch at one o'clock and finishes work at six. In the evening, Anna and David eat dinner together. They watch a series or read. They don't go to bed very late on weekdays because Anna gets up early. LEIA EM CAMADAS 1) Leia para entender a ideia geral. 2) Circule verbos com -s. 3) Sublinhe don't/doesn't. 4) Releia em voz alta. Encontre no texto • 3 verbos com -s ou -es • 1 frase com doesn't • 1 frase com don't • 2 horários • 2 atividades da noite

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 14 14. COMPREENSÃO DE TEXTO Responda em inglês usando frases completas quando puder. 1. Where do Anna and David live? ______________________________________________________________ 2. Where does Anna work? ______________________________________________________________ 3. What time does Anna start work? ______________________________________________________________ 4. What time does she wake up? ______________________________________________________________ 5. How does she go to work? ______________________________________________________________ 6. What does Anna do in the afternoon? ______________________________________________________________ 7. Does David work in an office outside his home? ______________________________________________________________ 8. What time does David start work? ______________________________________________________________ 9. Does he drive to work? ______________________________________________________________ 10. What time does he have lunch? ______________________________________________________________ 11. What do Anna and David do in the evening? ______________________________________________________________ 12. Do they go to bed very late on weekdays? Why? ______________________________________________________________

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 15 15. DIALOGO E PRATICA ORAL Leia duas vezes e depois troque as informações. Talking about work and routine A: Where do you work? B: I work in a logistics company. A: What time do you start work? B: I start at eight thirty. A: Do you have lunch at work? B: Yes, I do. I usually have lunch at one. A: Does your husband work near you? B: No, he doesn't. He works in another area. A: What do you do after work? B: I go home, have dinner and study English. PRATICA EM DUPLA Pessoa A faz as perguntas. Pessoa B responde com informações reais. Depois troquem de papel. Na segunda rodada, façam perguntas sobre uma terceira pessoa usando does. Perguntas para usar • Where do you work/study? • What time do you start? • Do you drink coffee? • What do you do in the evening? • Does your partner work on Saturdays?

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 16 16. EXERCICIOS 1-5 Escreva. Nada de múltipla escolha. 1. Complete com a forma correta do verbo a) I ______ (work) at home. ______________________________________________________________ b) She ______ (work) in a hospital. ______________________________________________________________ c) He ______ (study) English. ______________________________________________________________ d) They ______ (live) in Portugal. ______________________________________________________________ e) Maria ______ (watch) TV at night. ______________________________________________________________ 2. Passe para he ou she a) I work every day. -> She __________________ ______________________________________________________________ b) I study English. -> He __________________ ______________________________________________________________ c) I go to work at eight. -> She __________________ ______________________________________________________________ d) I have lunch at one. -> He __________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. Escreva a forma de he/she/it work -> ______________________________________________________________ finish -> ______________________________________________________________ study -> ______________________________________________________________ play -> ______________________________________________________________ go -> ______________________________________________________________ have -> ______________________________________________________________ 4. Traduza para o inglês a) Ela trabalha em casa. ______________________________________________________________ b) Ele estuda inglês todos os dias. ______________________________________________________________ c) Nós moramos em Portugal. ______________________________________________________________ d) Eu gosto de café. ______________________________________________________________ 5. Corrija os erros a) She work every day. ______________________________________________________________ b) He study English. ______________________________________________________________ c) Maria go to work by car. ______________________________________________________________

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 17 17. EXERCICIOS 6-10 Negativas, perguntas e respostas. 6. Passe para a negativa a) I drink coffee. ______________________________________________________________ b) They work on Sundays. ______________________________________________________________ c) She likes tea. ______________________________________________________________ d) He goes to school by bus. ______________________________________________________________ 7. Transforme em pergunta a) You live in Lisbon. ______________________________________________________________ b) They speak English. ______________________________________________________________ c) She works here. ______________________________________________________________ d) He has a car. ______________________________________________________________ 8. Responda com short answers a) Do you study English? ______________________________________________________________ b) Do you drink coffee? ______________________________________________________________ c) Does your partner work? ______________________________________________________________ d) Does your family live in Portugal? ______________________________________________________________ 9. Complete com do ou does a) ______ you work here? ______________________________________________________________ b) ______ she study English? ______________________________________________________________ c) ______ they live nearby? ______________________________________________________________ d) ______ he have children? ______________________________________________________________ 10. Complete com don't ou doesn't a) I ______ work on Sundays. ______________________________________________________________ b) She ______ drink coffee. ______________________________________________________________ c) They ______ live here. ______________________________________________________________ d) He ______ study at night. ______________________________________________________________

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 18 18. EXERCICIOS 11-13 + PRODUCAO Agora você cria suas próprias frases. 11. Crie perguntas com as palavras a) where / you / work ______________________________________________________________ b) what time / she / start work ______________________________________________________________ c) what / they / eat / for breakfast ______________________________________________________________ d) how / he / go / to work ______________________________________________________________ 12. Escreva 6 frases sobre sua rotina REQUISITO Use pelo menos: 3 frases afirmativas, 1 negativa, 1 horário e 1 palavra de frequência. 1. ______________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________________ 5. ______________________________________________________________ 6. ______________________________________________________________ 13. Escreva sobre outra pessoa DESAFIO HE/SHE Escreva 5 frases sobre um familiar. Use he ou she e observe -s/-es/-ies. 1. ______________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________________ 5. ______________________________________________________________ ATIVIDADE EM FAMILIA Cada pessoa faz 5 perguntas no Simple Present para outra: Do you...? / Where do you...? / What time do you...? Depois, conte ao grupo duas informações sobre essa pessoa usando he ou she.

CURSO DE INGLES | AULA 20 | A1 19 19. GABARITO + CHECKPOINT + REFERENCIAS Corrija somente depois de tentar sozinho. Gabarito - exercícios objetivos • 1) a work; b works; c studies; d live; e watches. • 2) a She works every day. b He studies English. c She goes to work at eight. d He has lunch at one. • 3) works; finishes; studies; plays; goes; has. • 4) a She works at home. b He studies English every day. c We live in Portugal. d I like coffee. • 5) a She works every day. b He studies English. c Maria goes to work by car. • 6) a I don't drink coffee. b They don't work on Sundays. c She doesn't like tea. d He doesn't go to school by bus. • 7) a Do you live in Lisbon? b Do they speak English? c Does she work here? d Does he have a car? • 8) Respostas pessoais. Modelos: Yes, I do. / No, I don't. / Yes, he/she does. / No, he/she doesn't. • 9) a Do; b Does; c Do; d Does. • 10) a don't; b doesn't; c don't; d doesn't. • 11) a Where do you work? b What time does she start work? c What do they eat for breakfast? d How does he go to work? • 12-13) Respostas pessoais. Confira: sujeito correto, -s com he/she/it na afirmativa e verbo base após do/does/don't/doesn't. CHECKPOINT Se você consegue criar uma afirmativa, uma negativa e uma pergunta com I e com she/he sem consultar a regra, a base desta aula está consolidada. Referências pedagógicas consultadas • British Council LearnEnglish - Present simple (Grammar A1-A2). • British Council LearnEnglish - Present simple, beginner grammar reference. • Cambridge Dictionary - English Grammar Today: Present simple (I work). Nota: a pronúncia aproximada em português é apenas um apoio inicial e não substitui a escuta de áudio nativo ou a transcrição fonética IPA.